The Communicable Diseases Surveillance in Singapore 2001

Annual Report 2001

PREFACE

This annual review summarises the extensive epidemiological surveillance and research activities on communicable diseases in Singapore undertaken by the Quarantine and Epidemiology Department, Ministry of the Environment, in 2001. It covers all the notifiable vector-borne, food-borne, air-borne and environment-related diseases, except tuberculosis, leprosy, sexually-transmitted diseases and AIDS.

In the ensuing chapters, epidemiological data routinely obtained through disease surveillance and outbreak investigations have been collated and analysed. The findings of various epidemiological surveys and research projects and an evaluation of the national childhood immunisation programme are also included. In addition, an updated bibliography of the scientific papers on communicable disease surveillance and research in Singapore published in local, regional and international journals has been provided.

This document should serve as a useful source of reference for public health administrators involved in the formulation, implementation and evaluation of communicable disease policies and programmes. It also provides relevant scientific materials for teaching and research institutions.

This publication is a product of the joint efforts of all medical and environmental health officers of the department. The department would like to place on record its sincere appreciation to all medical doctors practising in both the private and public sectors for their cooperation in the nation-wide surveillance of communicable diseases, without which the publication would not have been possible.

In order to access the information, please download Acrobat Reader software.

I) An overview of the communicable disease situation in Singapore, 2001 (63KB)

II) Vector-borne diseases (191KB)

• Malaria

• Dengue fever/dengue haemorrhagic fever

• Japanese encephalitis

III) Food-borne diseases (165KB)

• Cholera

• Enteric fevers (typhoid and paratyphoid)

• Shigellosis

• Salmonellosis

• Food poisoning

• Diarrhoeal disease surveillance

IV)Viral hepatitis (137KB)

V) Airborne diseases (122KB)

• Measles

• Mumps

• Rubella

• Chickenpox

• Influenza

• Viral conjunctivitis

• Parvovirus B19 infection

VI) Environment-related diseases (169KB)

• Legionellosis

• Melioidosis

VII) Emerging infectious diseases (53KB)

• Campylobacter enteritis

• Listeriosis

• Hand, foot and mouth disease

• Meningococcal disease

VIII) Epidemiological surveys (118KB)

• Microbiological examination of "Yu Sheng"

• Biological monitoring of human exposure to environmental arsenic

• Indoor air quality of air-conditioned food courts

• Sentinel surveillance for dengue virus serotypes

• Immune status of the population to hepatitis A virus

• Human enterovirus 71 seroepidmiology in Singapore

IX) Evaluation of the childhood immunisation programme in Singapore (65KB)

• Immunisation programme in 2001

• Implementation of the immunisation programme

• Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis

• Poliomyelitis

• Measles, mumps, rubella

• Hepatitis B

X) References and bibliography (121KB)